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汽车优化设计

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《汽车优化设计》教学大纲2018版)

Syllabus of Optimization Design of Automobile

2018 Version

一、 课程介绍

汽车优化设计重点讲述汽车优化设计的基本概念和理论、常用优化方法及实际应用,使车辆工程专业学生掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱;掌握文献检索、资料查询及运用现代信息技术获取相关信息的基本方法;具备将所学的汽车优化设计理论应用于实际设计的基本能力;具有国际视野和跨文化的交流、竞争和合作的能力;为进行毕业设计、深入研究汽车优化设计及相关问题的终身学习奠定基础。

Optimization design of automobile presents the basic concept, theory, general optimization methods and their applications on the automobile design.  After successful completion of the course, the participants will understand mathematical modeling methods of optimization design of automobile, general optimization methods, code and the MATLAB optimal toolbox; will master the literature search, data query, and to obtain useful information via modern IT; are able to solve the real optimization design problem via the optimization design of automobile theory; have the international perspective and ability of cross-cultural communication, competition and collaboration, which will a foundation of graduation, extend study for automotive optimal design, and lifelong learning.

课程基本信息Course Brief Information

课程名称

Course Name

汽车优化设计

Optimization Design of Automobile

课程编码

Course Code

421041

课程学时

Credit Hours

24

课程学分

Credits

1.5

课程类别Course Category

专业教育课程

Professional Education Course

课程性质

Course Property

选修课

Special Electives

开课学期

Semester

7学期

The 7th Semester

课内实验学时

Experiments Hours

0

适用专业

Course Major

车辆工程

Vehicle Engineering

开课单位

Affiliation

汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室

State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control

选用教材

Textbook

张宝生,李杰,林明芳.汽车优化设计理论与方法.北京:机械工业出版社,2000

Zhang B S, Li J, Lin M F. Automotive optimization design theory and method [M], Mechanical Industry Press, 2000 (In Chinese)

 

主要参考书

References

[1] Antoniou A and Lu W S, Practical Optimization: Algorithms and Engineering Applications[M],Springer,2007

[2] 刘惟信.《机械优化设计》[M], 清华大学出版社,1993

[3] 林明芳. 张宝生. 汽车优化设计 [M], 吉林科学技术出版社,1991

[4] 张宝生,李杰,林明芳. 汽车优化设计理论与方法[M], 机械工业出版社,2000

[1] Antoniou A and Lu W S, Practical Optimization: Algorithms and Engineering Applications[M],Springer,2007

[2] Liu W X. Optimization Design of Mechanical [M], Tsinghua University Press, 1993 (In Chinese)

[3] Lin M F, Zhang B S. Optimization Design of Automobile [M], Jilin Science and Technology Press, 1991 (In Chinese)

[4] Zhang B S, Li J, Lin M F. Automotive optimization design theory and method [M], Mechanical Industry Press, 2000 (In Chinese)

 

制定人

Instructor

章新杰

ZhangXinjie

制定时间

Release Time

20189

September,2018

 

二、 教学目标(Course Target

 

《汽车优化设计》是为车辆工程专业本科生开设的一门专业选修课。学生们需要在学过《汽车构造》、《汽车理论》等专业基础课后,再选修这门课程。

本课程开设的目的是系统地讲授汽车优化设计的基本概念和理论、常用优化方法及实际应用,使车辆工程专业学生掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱等基础理论和专业知识;掌握文献检索、资料查询及运用现代信息技术获取相关信息的基本方法,了解车辆工程前沿发展现状和趋势;培养学生在汽车设计中的创新思维和意识,培养学生团队合作精神、职责担当意识和职责行为习惯,使学生具备全面分析车辆设计的工程问题的能力;具有国际视野和跨文化的交流、竞争和合作的能力,正确认识车辆工程对客观世界和社会的影响;培养学生自主学习和终身学习的意识,具备不断学习和适应发展的能力。

Optimization design of automobile’s objects is the seniors of major in vehicle engineering, which is a special elective course.  All participants should have basic knowledge of Automobile Structure" and "Automobile Theory".

This course presents the basic concept, theory, general optimization methods and their applications on the automobile design.  After successful completion of the course, the participants will understand mathematical modeling methods of optimization design of automobile, general optimization methods, code and the MATLAB optimal toolbox; will master the literature search, data query, and to obtain useful information via modern IT; are able to solve the real optimization design problem via the optimization design of automobile theory; have the international perspective and ability of cross-cultural communication, competition and collaboration, which will a foundation of graduation, extend study for automotive optimal design, and lifelong learning.   

The Course mission is , after successful completion of this course, the participant will have same basic abilities as list: 1) is able to analysis vehicle design engineering problems comprehensively, with the ability of abstaining useful information via modern IT to solve problem; 2) has innovative idea and consciousness during automobile design; 3) masters the mechanical parts and automotive optimization design based on the basic principles of optimization design of automobile; 4) is able to lifelong learning, cooperation and exchange, identify and solve engineering problem.

 

教学目标与毕业要求指标点对应关系

1 教学目标与毕业要求指标点对应关系

教学目标

毕业要求指标点(二级)

教学目标1:掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱等基础理论和专业知识;掌握文献检索、资料查询及运用现代信息技术获取相关信息的基本方法,了解车辆工程前沿发展现状和趋势;培养学生在汽车设计中的创新思维和意识,培养学生团队合作精神、职责担当意识和职责行为习惯,使学生具备全面分析车辆设计的工程问题的能力。

2.1能够综合应用数学、自然科学和工程科学的科学原理和技术方法,识别、系统地表达车辆工程领域中复杂工程问题,以获得有效结论。

教学目标2具有国际视野和跨文化的交流、竞争和合作的能力,正确认识车辆工程对客观世界和社会的影响;培养学生自主学习和终身学习的意识,具备不断学习和适应发展的能力。

12.1具有自主学习和终身学习的意识。

 

 

三、 课程内容(Course Contents and Course Requests

大纲解读(Syllabus Introduction)

向学生解读教学大纲,帮助学生理解课程目标(应掌握知识与具备能力)及其达成途径(课堂授课、课程作业与课程实验),并帮助学生建立课程学习、课程考核与各项能力达成之间的关系;引导学生在课程学习中自查学习行为,调整学习方法并达成学习效果。

课程要求(Course Requests

通过课堂讲授和计算机幻灯片等实现,本课程讲授的重点为:汽车优化设计的特点、一般步骤、建立数学模型的方法及数值迭代过程;汽车优化设计常用方法的基本思想、计算步骤;汽车主要零部件的优化设计的计算原理、数学模型及求解过程。学生通过本课程的学习,应掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱及其应用。具体要求如下:

1) 掌握MATLAB中的矩阵和矢量运算

2) 掌握矩阵的正定、梯度、多元函数极值存在的必要及充分条件;

3) 掌握优化设计的设计变量、约束条件和目标函数、优化设计的数学模型、优化的数值迭代与终止准则;

4) 掌握单峰区间的进退法、区间缩短原理、一阶梯度法、单纯形法的计算步骤;

5) 掌握拉格朗日乘子法、罚函数法、复合形法的计算步骤;

6) 掌握从汽车主要零部件的设计理论出发,建立相应的优化设计数学模型的思路与方法;

7) 理解方向导数、梯度、多元函数函数的泰勒展开;

8) 理解优化设计的三要素、优化的数值迭代的三要素和MATLAB优化工具箱的常规使用;

9) 理解单峰区间的进退法、黄金分割法、一阶梯度法、单纯形法的原理;

10) 理解拉格朗日乘子法、罚函数法、复合形法的原理;

11) 理解汽车主要零部件设计的设计理论;

12) 了解优化设计问题,汽车优化设计的目的和意义;

13) 了解矩阵的主要类型与运算,多维矢量的定义、主要类型与运算;

14) 了解一维优化方法、无约束优化方法的基本思想;

15) 了解处理约束优化问题的思路;

16) 了解汽车主要零部件优化设计的流程及意义。

The course contains lectures and experiments.  The course focuses on the characteristic, the general structure, the mathematical modeling methods and the numerical computation of optimization design of automobile; the basic ideas and computation steps of general optimization design methods; the computation fundamental of the automotive main parts optimization design, mathematical modeling and solving processor.  The participants should master the mathematical modeling method and general optimization methods of optimization design of automobile, code, MATLAB optimal toolbox operation and its application, and the detail requirement is as follow:

1) is able to compute the Matrix and Vector via MATLAB

2) masters matrix positive definite, gradient, multivariate function extreme necessary and sufficient condition;

3) masters the optimization variables design, constraints, objective function, optimization design mathematical models and numerical iteration termination criteria

4) masters the single peak interval retreat algorithm, interval shortening principle, the first order gradient algorithm, calculation steps of the Simplex algorithm.

5) masters the structures of the  Lagrange multiplier algorithm, the penalty function method and the complex algorithm.

6) masters the ideas and methods for establishing optimization design mathematical model from the automotive main parts design theory.

7) understands directional derivative, gradient, multivariate function Taylor;

8) understands the three elements of optimization design, the three elements of numerical iteration, MATLAB Optimization Toolbox routine operation;

9) understands the principle of the single peak interval back and forth algorithm, the Golden section algorithm, the first order gradient algorithm and the Simplex algorithm;

10) understands the principle of the Lagrange multiplier method, the penalty function method and the complex algorithm;

11) understands automotive main parts optimization design theory;

12) knows the basic concepts and terminology of optimization design of automobile, its objective and motivation;

13) knows Matrix main types and operation, the definition of multi-dimensional vector and its computation;

14) knows the basic idea of one-dimensional optimization method and unconstrained optimization method;

15) knows the basic concepts and terminology of dealing with the constrained optimization problem;

16) knows the process and motivation of optimization design of automobile.

 

对学生能力培养的要求:通过本课程的学习,培养学生学会全面分析车辆设计的工程问题和利用现代信息技术手段获取信息资料来解决问题的能力;培养学生在汽车设计中的创新思维和意识;学会运用汽车优化设计的基本原理对车辆及其它机械部件和性能进行优化设计;培养学生在生产生活中不断学习、合作交流发现和解决工程问题的能力。

The requirement of student’s ability is as list: 1) is able to analysis vehicle design engineering problems comprehensively, with the ability of abstaining useful information via modern IT to solve problem; 2) has innovative idea and consciousness during automobile design; 3) masters the mechanical parts and automotive optimization design based on the basic principles of optimization design of automobile; 4) is able to lifelong learning, cooperation and exchange, identify and solve engineering problem.

预备知识或先修课程(Pre-requisite

高等数学、线性代数、理论力学、材料力学、汽车构造、汽车理论

Advanced Mathematics, Linear Algebra, Theoretical Mechanics, Materials Mechanics, Automotive Construction, Automotive Theory

 

各章节内容及学时分配(Chapters and Hours Allocated

1、学时分配:(Hours Allocated )

1章   第2章   第3章   第4章   第5章      考核

3       3        3       3       10         2

Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5,  Examine

3          3          3         3        10        2

2、具体内容与安排 (Content and Arrangement)

1优化设计的数学基础3学时)

(1) 教学内容

1.1 课程的提纲(0.5学时)

1.2 矩阵代数(1学时)

1.2.1 矩阵、行列式

1.2.2 矩阵的主要类型

1.2.3 矩阵的运算

1.2.4 矩阵的正定

1.2.5 矩阵运算的MATLAB实现

1.3 矢量代数(0.5学时)

1.3.1 多维矢量的定义

1.3.2 矢量的主要类型

1.3.3 矢量的运算

1.3.4 矢量运算的MATLAB实现

1.4 多元函数及极值(1学时)

1.4.1 偏导数

1.4.2 方向导数

1.4.3 梯度

1.4.4 高阶导数与海塞矩阵

1.4.5 多元函数的泰勒展开

1.4.6 多元函数的极值

1.4.7 多元函数极值存在的必要条件

1.4.8 多元函数极值存在的充分条件

(2) 教学目的与要求

全面介绍本课程提纲,宏观介绍汽车优化设计,归纳、总结和扩展用于汽车优化设计的矩阵代数、矢量代数、多元函数及极值等数学基础。

(3) 考核要求

了解:汽车优化设计问题,汽车优化设计的目的和意义;

了解:矩阵的主要类型与运算,多维矢量的定义、主要类型与运算;

理解:方向导数、梯度、多元函数的泰勒展开;

掌握MATLAB中的矩阵和矢量运算

掌握:矩阵的正定、梯度、多元函数极值存在的必要及充分条件。

 

Chapter1 Basic Principles of optimization design (3 hour)

(1) Course Content

1.1 Syllabus (0.5 hour)

1.2 Matrix Algebra (1 hour)

1.2.1 Matrix and Determinant

1.2.2 The Main Types of Matrix

1.2.3 Matrix Arithmetic

1.2.4 The Positive Definite Matrix

1.2.5 Matrix Operations in MATLAB

1.3 Vector algebra (0.5 hour)

1.3.1 Definition of Multi-Dimensional Vector

1.3.2 The Main Types of Vectors

1.3.3 Vector Computing

1.3.4 Vector Operations in MATLAB

1.4 Multivariate Function and Extreme (1 hour)

1.4.1 Partial Derivatives

1.4.2 The Directional Derivative

1.4.3 Gradient

1.4.4 Higher Derivatives and the Hessian Matrix

1.4.5 Taylor Multivariate Function

1.4.6 Multivariate Function Extreme

1.4.7 Multivariate Function Extreme necessary condition

1.4.8 Multivariate Function Extreme sufficient condition

(2) Objectives and Requirements

This chapter introduces the course syllabus comprehensive, presents automotive optimized design generally, and teaches the basic principles of optimization design such as Matrix Algebra, Vector Algebra, Multivariate Function Extreme and their operations in MATLAB.

(3) Examine requirements

After successful completion of this chapter, the participant

1) knows the basic concepts and terminology of optimization design of automobile, its objective and motivation;

2) knows Matrix main types and operation, the definition of multi-dimensional vector and its computing;

3) understands directional derivative, gradient, multivariate function Taylor;

4) is able to compute the Matrix and Vector via MATLAB

5) masters matrix positive definite, gradient, multivariate function extreme necessary and sufficient condition;

 

2章 优化设计的数学模型(3学时)

(1) 教学内容

2.1 优化设计问题概述(0.5学时)

2.1.1 优化设计问题的定义

2.1.2 优化设计的特点

2.1.3 优化设计的优点

2.1.4 优化设计的步骤

2.1.5 建立优化设计数学模型的基本原则

2.2 优化设计的三要素(0.5学时)

2.2.1 简化的离合器圆柱弹簧的优化设计问题

2.2.2 设计变量

2.2.3 约束条件

2.2.4 目标函数

2.3 优化设计的数学模型及几何描述(1学时)

2.3.1 无约束优化设计问题的数学模型

2.3.2 约束优化设计问题的数学模型

2.3.3 优化设计数学模型的几何描述

2.4 优化的数值迭代与终止准则(0.5学时)

2.4.1 优化的数值迭代的基本思想

2.4.2 优化的数值迭代的公式

2.4.3 优化的数值迭代的终止准则

2.4.4 关于终止准则的几点说明

2.5 MATLAB优化工具箱(0.5学时)

    2.5.1 MATLAB优化工具箱操作

    2.5.2 汽车少片簧优化设计的MATLAB模型

(2) 教学目的与要求

本章对优化设计问题进行总体论述,通过具体实例说明与总结优化设计的三要素、数学模型,建立优化的数值迭代的公式和终止准则。

(3) 考核要求

了解:汽车优化设计问题;

理解优化设计的三要素、优化的数值迭代的三要素和MATLAB优化工具箱的常规使用

掌握:优化设计的设计变量、约束条件和目标函数、优化设计的数学模型、优化的数值迭代与终止准则;

掌握:基本的优化问题的设计。

 

Chapter 2 Mathematical model of optimization design (3 hour)

(1) Course Content

2.1 Overview of optimization problem (0.5 hour)

2.1.1 The definition of optimization design

2.1.2 Optimization design features

2.1.3 Optimization design advantage

2.1.4 General structure of optimization design problem

2.1.5 The basic principles for establishing optimization design model

2.2 The three elements of optimization design (0.5 hour)

2.2.1 Simplified clutch cylinder spring optimization design

2.2.2 Variables design

2.2.3 Constraints

2.2.4 Objective function

2.3 Optimization design mathematical model and its geometric description (1 hour)

2.3.1 Unconstrained optimization mathematical model

2.3.2 Constrained optimization mathematical model

2.3.3 Geometric description of the optimization mathematical model

2.4 The optimization iteration and termination criteria (0.5 hour)

2.4.1 Basic idea of the optimization iteration

2.4.2 Numerical optimization iteration formula

2.4.3 Numerical optimization iteration termination criterion

2.4.4 Notes on the termination criterion

2.5 MATLAB Optimization Toolbox (0.5 hour)

2.5.1 MATLAB optimization toolbox operation

2.5.2 MATLAB model of automotive leaf spring optimization design

(2) Objectives and Requirements

This chapter presents the basic concepts and terminology of optimization design, concluding the three elements of optimization design, mathematical model, numerical optimization iteration formula and its termination criteria.

(3) Examine requirements

After successful completion of this chapter, the participant

1) knows the automotive optimization design;

2) understands three elements of optimization design, the three elements of numerical iteration, MATLAB Optimization Toolbox routine operation;

3) masters the optimization variables design, constraints, objective function, optimization design mathematical models and numerical iteration termination criteria

4) is able to formulate a (design) optimization problem.

 

3章 无约束优化方法(3学时)

(1) 教学内容

3.1 一维优化方法(1.5学时)

3.1.1 一维优化方法的基本思想

3.1.2 一维优化方法的步骤

3.1.3 确定单峰区间的进退法

3.1.4 区间缩短的黄金分割法

3.1.5 一维优化方法的MATLAB实现

3.2 无约束优化方法(1.5学时)

3.2.1 一阶梯度法

3.2.2 单纯形法

3.2.3 一阶梯度法及单纯形法的MATLAB实现

(2) 教学目的与要求

讲授通过计算机求解一维优化问题以及无约束优化问题的思想与方法,注重说明应用计算机求解方法与数学分析方法求解这两类问题的不同,以便使学生建立起实际优化设计的问题需要通过数值计算获得最后结果的思想。

(3) 考核要求

了解:一维优化方法、无约束优化方法的基本思想;

理解:单峰区间的进退法、黄金分割法、一阶梯度法、单纯形法的原理;

掌握:单峰区间的进退法、区间缩短原理、一阶梯度法、单纯形法的计算步骤。

 

Chapter 3 Unconstrained optimization methods (3 hour)

(1) Course Content

3.1 One-dimensional optimization method (1.5 hour)

3.1.1 Basic idea of one-dimensional optimization

3.1.2 General step of one-dimensional optimization

3.1.3 The back and forth method for determining single peak interval

3.1.4 The Golden section method for interval shortened

3.1.5 The one-dimensional optimization method in MATLAB

3.2 Unconstrained optimization algorithm (1.5 hour)

3.2.1 The first order gradient algorithm

3.2.2 The Simplex algorithm

3.2.3 The first order gradient algorithm and the Simplex algorithm in MATLAB

(2) Objectives and Requirements

This chapter presents one-dimensional optimization problem computer solution methods, the basic concepts, terminology and algorithms of unconstrained optimization problem. This chapter illustrates the difference between the computer methods and mathematical analysis method, which will help the participants understand that the practical optimization design problems will be solved via numerical computation.

(3) Examine requirements

After successful completion of this chapter, the participant

1) knows the basic idea of one-dimensional optimization method and unconstrained optimization methods;

2) understands the principle of the single peak interval back and forth algorithm, the Golden section algorithm, the first order gradient algorithm and the Simplex algorithm;

3) masters single peak interval retreat algorithm, interval shortening principle, the first order gradient algorithm, calculation steps of the Simplex algorithm.

 

4章 约束优化方法(3学时)

(1) 教学内容

4.1 拉格朗日乘子法(1学时)

4.1.1 拉格朗日函数

4.1.2 等式约束极值存在的必要条件

4.1.3 等式约束的拉格朗日乘子法

4.1.4 不等式约束的拉格朗日乘子法

4.1.5 应用实例

4.2 罚函数法(1学时)

4.2.1 罚函数法的基本思想

4.2.2 等式约束的罚函数法

4.2.3 不等式约束的罚函数法

4.3 复合形法(1学时)

4.3.1 复合形法的基本思想

4.3.2 初始复合形的生成

4.3.3 复合形的调优迭代

4.3.4 复合形法的优缺点

(2) 教学目的与要求

说明处理约束优化问题的思路,讲授通过计算机求解约束优化问题的三种常用方法,即拉格朗日乘子法、罚函数法、复合形法。

(3) 考核要求

了解:处理约束优化问题的思路;

理解:拉格朗日乘子法、罚函数法、复合形法的原理;

掌握:拉格朗日乘子法、罚函数法、复合形法的计算步骤。

 

Chapter 4 Constrained optimization methods (3 hour)

(1) Course Content

4.1 Lagrange multiplier algorithm (1 hour)

4.1.1 Lagrange Function

4.1.2 Equality Constraints extreme necessary conditions

4.1.3 Equality Constraints Lagrange multiplier

4.1.4 Inequality Constraints Lagrange multiplier

4.1.5 Application

4.2 Penalty Function method (1 hour)

4.2.1 The basic idea of the Penalty Function method

4.2.2 Equality Constraints Penalty Function method

4.2.3 Inequality Constraints Penalty Function method

4.3 The Complex algorithm (1 hour)

4.3.1 The basic idea of the Complex algorithm

4.3.2 Complex formation

4.3.3 Complex iteration tuning

4.3.4 The advantages and disadvantages of the Complex algorithm

(2) Objectives and Requirements

This chapter presents the ideas for dealing with the constrained optimization problems solution and teaches three general methods for solving the constrained optimization problems via computation, including the Lagrange Function, the Penalty Function method and the Complex algorithm.

(3) Examine requirements

After successful completion of this chapter, the participant

1) knows the basic concepts and terminology of dealing with the constrained optimization problem

2) understands the principle of the Lagrange Multiplier method, the Penalty Function method and the Complex algorithm;

3) masters the constructions of the  Lagrange Multiplier algorithm, the Penalty Function method and the Complex algorithm.

 

5章 汽车主要零部件的优化设计10学时)

(1) 教学内容

5.1 汽车少片弹簧的优化设计(2学时)

5.1.1 概述

5.1.2 等应力梁及其几何形状

5.1.3 抛物线形弹簧

5.1.4 梯形弹簧

5.1.5 少片弹簧优化设计的数学模型

5.2 汽车盘式制动器的优化设计(1.5学时)

5.2.1 概述

5.2.2 卡钳型盘式制动器的设计理论

5.2.3 盘式制动器优化设计的数学模型

5.3 汽车车架结构元件的优化设计(1.5学时)

5.3.1 概述

5.3.2 描述槽形截面梁强度的参数

5.3.3 描述开口截面梁刚度的参数

5.3.4 槽形截面尺寸参数优化设计的数学模型

5.4 汽车整体式转向梯形机构的优化设计(2学时)

5.4.1 概述

5.4.2 阿克曼转向特性原理

5.4.3 理想的内轮转角和实际的内转角

5.4.4 传动角及其应满足的条件

5.4.5 整体式转向梯形机构优化设计的数学模型

5.5 汽车离合器碟形弹簧和膜片弹簧的优化设计(3学时)

5.5.1 概述

5.5.2 碟形弹簧的几何关系

5.5.3 碟形弹簧的载荷变形特性

5.5.4 碟形弹簧的强度条件

5.5.5 碟形弹簧优化设计的数学模型

5.5.6 膜片弹簧的载荷变形特性

5.5.7 膜片弹簧的强度条件

5.5.8 膜片弹簧优化设计的数学模型

 

(2) 教学目的与要求

详细介绍汽车主要零部件:少片弹簧、盘式制动器、车架结构元件、整体式转向梯形机构、离合器蝶形弹簧和膜片弹簧的设计理论以及优化设计数学模型建立的思路与方法。

(3) 考核要求

了解:汽车主要零部件优化设计的意义;

理解:汽车主要零部件的优化设计理论;

掌握:从汽车主要零部件的设计理论出发,建立相应的优化设计数学模型的思路与方法。

 

Chapter 5 Optimization design of main automotive parts (10 hour)

(1) Course Content

5.1 Automobile less leaf springs optimization design (2 hours)

5.1.1 Overview

5.1.2 Equal Stress beam and its geometry

5.1.3 The parabolic spring

5.1.4 The trapezoidal spring

5.1.5 The less leaf spring mathematical model of optimization design

5.2 Optimization design of automotive disc brakes (1.5 hour)

5.2.1 Overview

5.2.2 The caliper type disc brake design theory

5.2.3 The disc brakes mathematical model of optimization design

5.3 Automotive frame structure optimization design (1.5 hour)

5.3.1 Overview

5.3.2 The parameter of the channel section beam intensity

5.3.3 The parameters of the open section beam stiffness

5.3.4 The channel section size parameter optimization mathematical model

5.4 The integral steering linkage optimization design (2 hour)

5.4.1 Overview

5.4.2 Ackerman steering characteristics

5.4.3 The ideal and the actual e internal rotation angle

5.4.4 The transmission angle and its necessary condition

5.4.5 Integral steering linkage mathematical model of optimization design

5.5 The clutch disc spring and diaphragm spring optimization design (3 hours)

5.5.1 Overview

5.5.2 The disc spring geometry

5.5.3 The disc spring load - deformation characteristics

5.5.4 The disc spring strength condition

5.5.5 The disc springs mathematical model of optimization design

5.5.6 The diaphragm spring load - deformation characteristics

5.5.7 The diaphragm spring strength condition

5.5.8 The diaphragm spring mathematical model of optimization design

(2) Objectives and Requirements

This chapter introduces the design theory, the mathematical model ideas and methods of optimization design detail of automotive main parts, including less leaf spring, disc brake, frame structural element, the integral steering linkage, clutch disc spring and diaphragm spring.

(3) Examine requirements

After successful completion of this chapter, the participant

1) knows motivation of the optimization design of automobile;

2) understands automotive main parts theory;

3) masters the ideas and methods for establishing optimization design mathematical model from the automotive main parts design theory.

 

 

 

四、 教学方法

 2教学方法(与教学目标对应)

教学方法

对应教学内容

教学目标

讲授法

优化设计的数学基础、优化设计的数学模型、无约束优化方法、约束优化方法

掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱等基础理论和专业知识。

演示法

矩阵运算的MATLAB实现、矢量运算的MATLAB实现、MATLAB优化工具箱、汽车主要零部件的优化设计

练习法

优化方法的MATLAB实现、汽车主要零部件的优化设计

掌握文献检索、资料查询及运用现代信息技术获取相关信息的基本方法,了解车辆工程前沿发展现状和趋势;培养学生在汽车设计中的创新思维和意识,培养学生团队合作精神、职责担当意识和职责行为习惯,使学生具备全面分析车辆设计的工程问题的能力。

讨论法

汽车主要零部件的优化设计

具有国际视野和跨文化的交流、竞争和合作的能力,正确认识车辆工程对客观世界和社会的影响;培养学生自主学习和终身学习的意识,具备不断学习和适应发展的能力。

 

五、 教学内容与教学目标对应关系

3 教学内容与教学目标对应关系

教学内容

教学目标

优化设计的数学基础、优化设计的数学模型、无约束优化方法、约束优化方法

教学目标1使学生掌握汽车优化设计的建模方法、常用优化方法、程序及MATLAB优化工具箱等基础理论和专业知识;掌握文献检索、资料查询及运用现代信息技术获取相关信息的基本方法,了解车辆工程前沿发展现状和趋势;培养学生在汽车设计中的创新思维和意识,培养学生团队合作精神、职责担当意识和职责行为习惯,使学生具备全面分析车辆设计的工程问题的能力。

汽车主要零部件的优化设计

教学目标2使学生具有国际视野和跨文化的交流、竞争和合作的能力,正确认识车辆工程对客观世界和社会的影响;培养学生自主学习和终身学习的意识,具备不断学习和适应发展的能力。

 

六、 考核方式及成绩评定(Test and Assessment

考核方式为考查课,具体考察项目及标准如下。

考核标准

课程目标

考核内容

考核方式

考核依据

掌握汽车优化设计的基础理论和专业知识,了解车辆工程前沿发展现状和趋势

汽车优化设计基础知识的理解及掌握水平、典型算法的掌握及编程能力。

独立作业、团队项目展示及答辩

独立作业完成质量,团队项目中负责内容的完成质量以及答辩情况。

 

培养学生科学思维和创新意识,具备解决复杂工程问题的能力、具备汽车部件开发和设计的初步能力

学生掌握汽车优化设计相关的新知识的程度和水平,对拟定问题的解决水平,答辩及互动环节中对核心问题的理解和解决能力。

团队项目展示、答辩及互动提问。

团队项目的研究报告、展示和答辩环节表现,对其他组团队项目的评价及提问表现出的综合能力。

培养学生团队合作精神、担当意识和组织管理能力,具备使用汽车优化设计相应软件的能力

学生具备团队合作精神、担当意识和组织管理能力,能使用软件完成选定主题的优化设计问题。

团队项目及答辩

小组研讨日志、在研讨活动中表现出来的组织能力,沟通能力,责任担当意识

培养学生国际化视野,正确认识汽车优化设计对世界和社会的影响

学生具有获取新知识的能力、收集处理信息的能力的程度和水平

汽车优化设计的文献调研报告、团队项目的选题依据论述、对课程的设想和建议

作业完成质量,课程中师生互动的表现。

培养学生自主学习能力和终身学习的意识

学生抽象问题和解决问题的能力

团队项目的研讨日志及答辩

小组研讨日志、在研讨和答辩中表现出来自主学习能力及终身学习意识

 

成绩评定Test and Assessment

成绩采用百分制,依据课后作业及实验报告进行成绩评定。公式如下:

出勤及课堂表现(30%+作业2次(30%+团队项目及答辩1次(40%=100%

其中:

1) 第一次作业为文献阅读及综述,关键词:优化设计;

2) 第二次作业为画出一种优化算法的流程图,并完成代码;

3) 团队项目,3-5人一组选择自己感兴趣的题目,完成其优化设计并答辩,包括问题的抽象、数学模型的建立、优化算法的实现、报告撰写及答辩。

 

This course will grade in excellent, good, fair good, past and fail, which is component attendance, homework, experiment report and final defense, the grade equation is as following,

 

Attendance (30%)+Homework(30%)+Final defense(40%)=100%

 

Where,

1) the first homework is literature review and the key word is “optimization design”;

2) the second homework is “draw a workflow of an optimization method and code it”;

3) for the final defense, every three participants will be in a team, who can choose an interested topic, achieve its optimization design and defense, including the mathematical model development, code the optimization method , solve it via compute and organize a experiment report.

 

七、 备注 (Remark)

1) 教师可根据学科的发展,对教学内容进行适当的补充和删减;

2) 教师可根据试验条件的改善,更改试验项目;

3) 采用多媒体教室授课;

4) 每周至少安排4个学时的教学时间,以便使教学具有连续性。

1) This course content can be complemented and deleted appropriately according to the development discipline;

2) The experiment project can be changed according to the update of facility;

3) The lecture slides will use the multimedia classroom;

4) For keeping the continuity of the course, please arrange more than 4 hours per week.

 

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